Chimeric antigen receptor-T-cell (CAR-T) therapy is a form of immunotherapy that involves genetically modifying a patient’s T-cells to recognise and attack cancer cells.

T-cells are a type of immune cell that can detect and destroy abnormal cells in the body.

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T-cells are collected from a patient’s blood, modified in a lab to produce a CAR that targets a specific protein on the surface of cancer cells, and then the cells are reinfused back into the patient’s bloodstream.

Once in the body, the CAR-T cells seek out and attack cancer cells that express the targeted protein, leading to tumour cell death.

CAR-T therapy has shown promising results in treating certain types of blood cancers such as leukaemia and lymphoma and is being studied in other types of cancer as well.

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Most US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved CAR-T cell therapies target the antigen CD19.

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The first CAR-T therapy to be approved by the FDA was Novatis’ Kymriah, which was approved in August 2017 for the treatment of children and young adults with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Kymriah targets the CD19 protein on the surface of cancer cells.

Since then, other CAR-T therapies have been approved for different types of cancer, including YESCARTA for certain types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and TECARTUS for
mantle cell lymphoma.

Both YESCARTA and TECARTUS were developed by Kite Pharma, a subsidiary of Gilead Sciences.

The efficacy of CAR-T therapies can vary depending on the type of cancer being treated and other factors such as patient characteristics and disease stage.

However, CAR-T therapies have shown promising results in clinical trials for certain types of blood cancers.

It is important to note that CAR-T therapies can also have significant side effects and careful patient monitoring is necessary to manage these risks.

According to GlobalData’s Clinical Trials Database, CAR-T therapies peaked in 2022. reaching 271 trials for the year.