Majority of Crohn’s Disease Cases
Crohn’s disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by chronic inflammation of the gut. While any part of the gut can be affected, inflammation is most commonly found at the end of the small intestine (ileum), and the start of the large intestine (colon). The experience of each individual affected is different; however, common symptoms of CD include rectal bleeding, diarrhea, fatigue, weight loss, and stomach cramps. The disease course of CD is characterized by periods of normality with no symptoms followed by periods of relapse, the length and severity of which differ from case to case. Inflammation in CD can result in severe scarring and narrowing of parts of the gut. Although most of CD is of the mild or moderate variety, CD in some cases is severe to fulminant, requiring monitoring and symptoms management.
GlobalData epidemiologists forecast that the diagnosed prevalent cases of CD in the seven major markets (7MM: US, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, UK, and Japan) will increase from 1,621,866 in 2016 to 1,961,224 in 2026 at an Annual Growth Rate (AGR) of 2.09%. The US had the highest number of diagnosed prevalent cases of CD at 993,483, whereas Japan had the fewest diagnosed prevalent cases with 42,873 cases.
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In each of the 7MM, the majority of diagnosed prevalent cases of CD are either mild to moderate, or moderate to severe. The UK has the highest proportion of diagnosed prevalent cases that are mild to moderate, at 55.11%. Italy has the fewest diagnosed prevalent cases of CD classed as mild to moderate at 37%. The proportion of diagnosed prevalent cases classed as moderate to severe ranges from 34.12% in Japan to 48.75% in Spain. The greatest variation is seen in the proportion of diagnosed prevalent cases of CD that are classed as severe to fulminant. Italy has the most diagnosed prevalent cases of CD classed as severe to fulminant at 28.5%. The US, France, Germany, and Japan each have around 16–20% of diagnosed prevalent cases of CD classed as severe to fulminant. In contrast, Spain and the UK have just 8.33% and 10.33% of diagnosed prevalent cases of CD classed as severe to fulminant, respectively. Figure 1 presents the diagnosed prevalent cases of CD by severity in the 7MM in 2016.
There are currently no medications or surgical procedures that can cure CD. Treatment goals include managing symptoms, maintaining remission and preventing relapse. Over time, inflammation can damage sections of the digestive system, resulting in complications such as narrowing of the intestine (stricture), or a channel developing between the end of the bowel and the skin near the anus or vagina (fistula). These problems usually require surgical treatment. The forecast by GlobalData epidemiologists finds that most CD cases are of the mild to moderate or moderate to severe varieties. Even though the severe to fulminant variety of CD is less common, suffering for individuals with this condition might be unbearable. As CD is a chronic and usually debilitating condition, individuals most at risk should be monitored to provide best adequate treatment and prophylactic measures to prevent severe to fulminant flare-up of the disease.
Related Reports
GlobalData (2017). EpiCast Report: Crohn’s Disease – Epidemiology Forecast to 2026, October 2017, GDHCER 160–17.
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